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Nihilism
An examination of the meaning of meaninglessness: why it matters that nothing matters. When someone is labeled a nihilist, it's not usually meant as a compliment.Most of us associate nihilism with destructiveness and violence.Nihilism means, literally, "an ideology of nothing. " Is nihilism, then, believing in nothing? Or is it the belief that life is nothing? Or the belief that the beliefs we have amount to nothing?If we can learn to recognize the many varieties of nihilism, Nolen Gertz writes, then we can learn to distinguish what is meaningful from what is meaningless.In this addition to the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Gertz traces the history of nihilism in Western philosophy from Socrates through Hannah Arendt and Jean-Paul Sartre. Although the term "nihilism" was first used by Friedrich Jacobi to criticize the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, Gertz shows that the concept can illuminate the thinking of Socrates, Descartes, and others.It is Nietzsche, however, who is most associated with nihilism, and Gertz focuses on Nietzsche's thought.Gertz goes on to consider what is not nihilism-pessimism, cynicism, and apathy-and why; he explores theories of nihilism, including those associated with Existentialism and Postmodernism; he considers nihilism as a way of understanding aspects of everyday life, calling on Adorno, Arendt, Marx, and prestige television, among other sources; and he reflects on the future of nihilism.We need to understand nihilism not only from an individual perspective, Gertz tells us, but also from a political one.
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Medical Nihilism
This book argues that if we consider the ubiquity of small effect sizes in medicine, the extent of misleading evidence in medical research, the thin theoretical basis of many interventions, and the malleability of empirical methods, and if we employ our best inductive framework, then our confidence in medical interventions ought to be low.
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Nihilism and Technology
Heidegger, Marcuse, and Ellul warned against the rise of a technological mass culture.Philosophy of technology has since turned away from such dystopic views, promoting instead the view that we shape technologies just as technologies shape us.Yet the rise of Big Data has exceeded our worst fears about Big Brother, leading us to again question whether technologies are empowering us or enslaving us.Rather than engage in endless debates about whether technologies are making us better or making us worse, Nolen Gertz investigates what we think “better” and “worse” mean, and what role this thinking has played in the creation of our technological world.This investigation is carried out by using Nietzsche’s philosophy of nihilism in order to explore the ways in which our values mediate how we design technologies and how we use technologies.Examining our technological practices—practices ranging from Netflix and Chill to Fitbit and Move to Twitter and Rage—reveals how our nihilism and our technologies have become intertwined, creating a world of techno-hypnosis, data-driven activity, pleasure economics, herd networking, and orgies of clicking.
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A Defence of Nihilism
This book offers a philosophical defence of nihilism.The authors argue that the concept of nihilism has been employed pejoratively by almost all philosophers and religious leaders to indicate a widespread cultural crisis of truth, meaning, or morals.Many religious believers think atheism leads to moral chaos (because it leads to nihilism), and atheists typically insist that we can make life meaningful through our own actions (thereby avoiding nihilism).In this way, both sides conflate the cosmic sense of meaning at stake with a social sense of meaning.This book charts a third course between extremist and alarmist views of nihilism.It casts doubt on the assumption that nihilism is something to fear, or a problem which human culture should overcome by way of seeking, discovering, or making meaning.In this way, the authors believe that a revised understanding of nihilism can help remove a significant barrier of misunderstanding between religious believers and atheists.A Defence of Nihilism will be of interest to scholars and students in philosophy, religion, and other disciplines who are interested in questions surrounding the meaning of life.
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What is nihilism?
Nihilism is a philosophical belief that asserts the meaninglessness and lack of inherent value in life, the universe, and existence as a whole. It often involves a rejection of traditional moral and religious beliefs, as well as a skepticism towards the existence of objective truth or purpose. Nihilism can lead to a sense of despair or existential crisis, as it challenges the foundations of meaning and value that many people rely on for a sense of purpose and direction in life. However, some philosophers argue that nihilism can also be a starting point for creating one's own meaning and values in a world without inherent purpose.
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What is optimistic nihilism?
Optimistic nihilism is a philosophical perspective that combines elements of nihilism and existentialism. It acknowledges the inherent lack of inherent meaning or purpose in the universe, but instead of leading to despair, it encourages individuals to create their own meaning and purpose in life. It emphasizes the freedom and responsibility that comes with this realization, allowing individuals to find joy and fulfillment in the face of life's uncertainties. Ultimately, optimistic nihilism promotes a positive and empowering outlook on life, despite the absence of any predetermined meaning.
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Can one learn nihilism?
One can certainly learn about nihilism, its history, and its philosophical underpinnings through studying various texts, discussions, and academic courses. However, whether one can truly "learn" nihilism in the sense of adopting it as a personal belief or worldview is a more complex question. Nihilism is a philosophical position that challenges traditional beliefs about meaning, value, and existence, and it often requires a deep personal reflection and questioning of one's own beliefs and values. While one can certainly understand nihilism intellectually, truly embracing it as a way of life is a much more profound and personal process.
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Is there a nihilism sect?
Nihilism is not typically organized into a sect or specific group, as it is more of a philosophical position or belief system. Nihilism is the belief that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value. While there may be individuals who identify with nihilistic beliefs, it is not commonly organized into a sect or formal group. Nihilism is more commonly discussed and debated within the realm of philosophy and existential thought.
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Oscar Wilde and Nihilism
Oscar Wilde and Nihilism examines Wilde’s major works in the context of nineteenth-century philosophical nihilism and the Victorian religious unsettlement.The book covers Wilde’s plays, the fairy tales, The Picture of Dorian Gray, the critical writings, and De Profundis to show how Wilde’s thinking about nihilism developed over the course of his career, profoundly influencing the tone and message of his work.Like Nietzsche, Wilde came to regard art as the only effective counterforce to the problem of nihilism, a uniquely consistent source of order and meaning in a godless universe.The book is intended for the general reader with an interest in nihilism, aesthetics or Wilde, as well as for more specialist scholars.The aim is to provide the reader with the answers of an exceptionally brilliant and original intellect to the most compelling problem in philosophy: how to find meaning and purpose in life.
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Cinematic Nihilism : Encounters, Confrontations, Overcomings
Exposing and illustrating how an ongoing engagement with nihilistic alienation may contribute to, rather than detract from, the value of life, Cinematic Nihilism both challenges and builds upon past scholarship that has scrutinised nihilism in the media, but which has generally over-emphasised its negative and destructive aspects.Through case studies of popular films, including Prometheus, The Dark Knight Rises, Dawn of the Dead and The Human Centipede, and with chapters on Scotland's cinematic portrayal as both a site of 'nihilistic sacrifice' and as 'nowhere in particular', this book presents a necessary corrective, re-emphasising the constructive potential of cinematic nihilism and casting it as a phenomenon that need not be overcome.
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Nietzsche’s Nihilism in Walter Benjamin
This book reconstructs the lines of nihilism that Walter Benjamin took from Friedrich Nietzsche that define both his theory of art and the avant-garde, and his approach to political action.It retraces the eccentric route of Benjamin's philosophical discourse in the representation of the modern as a place of “permanent catastrophe”, where he attempts to overcome the Nietzschean nihilism through messianic hope.Using conventions from literary criticism this book explores the many sources of Benjamin's thought, demonstrating that behind the materialism which Benjamin incorporates into his Theses on the Concept of History is hidden Nietzsche's nihilism.Mauro Ponzi analyses how Benjamin’s Arcades Project uses figures such as Baudelaire, Marx, Aragon, Proust and Blanqui as allegories to explain many aspects of modernity.The author argues that Benjamin uses Baudelaire as a paradigm to emphasize the dark side of the modern era, offering us a key to the interpretation of communicative and cultural trends of today.
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Beyond Nihilism : The Knot of Plurality
Nihilism and/or community. The European matter. The gift of the in-common. Touching on different themes and authors, the papers presented here probe the prolificness that the terms sacred and community could have – if subtracted from the game of reactive nihilism – in checking the violence of the diverse political and religious ideologies that the West administers.An escape opens in the implementation of critical thinking and ethical behaviour that involve the “sacrifice” of thought and of the thinking subject.The disputing, therefore, of all the semantics of the logic of the recognition and the convenience that regulate life in advanced democracies.
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Does atheism lead to nihilism?
Atheism, which is the lack of belief in a god or gods, does not necessarily lead to nihilism. Nihilism is the belief that life is meaningless and lacks inherent value. While some atheists may adopt nihilistic beliefs, atheism itself does not dictate a specific worldview or philosophy. Many atheists find meaning and purpose in life through human connections, personal growth, and contributing to society. Ultimately, whether atheism leads to nihilism depends on the individual's beliefs and values.
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Does nihilism have a point?
Nihilism is the belief that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value. While nihilism may accurately describe the absence of inherent meaning in the universe, it can also lead to a sense of despair and hopelessness. However, some argue that nihilism can serve as a starting point for individuals to create their own meaning and purpose in life. Ultimately, whether nihilism has a point is subjective and depends on how one chooses to interpret and respond to the absence of inherent meaning in the world.
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Are pessimism and optimism nihilism?
Pessimism and optimism are not necessarily nihilism. Pessimism is the belief that the world is inherently negative and that things will not improve, while optimism is the belief that things will ultimately work out for the best. Nihilism, on the other hand, is the belief that life is meaningless and that there are no inherent values or truths. While pessimism and optimism may influence one's perspective on life, they do not necessarily equate to a belief in nihilism.
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What exactly is optimistic nihilism?
Optimistic nihilism is a philosophical perspective that combines the belief in the inherent meaninglessness of the universe with an optimistic outlook on life. It acknowledges that there may be no inherent purpose or meaning to existence, but it also emphasizes the freedom and responsibility to create our own meaning and purpose. Optimistic nihilism encourages individuals to embrace the uncertainty of life and find joy and fulfillment in the present moment, rather than being weighed down by existential angst. It promotes a sense of empowerment and resilience in the face of life's challenges, as individuals are encouraged to find their own meaning and purpose in a seemingly indifferent universe.
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